![]() ![]() These consist of an aerial cable loop running over a series of wheels, powered by an engine at one end. J-bar, T-bar, and platter lifts are employed for low-capacity slopes in large resorts and small local areas. Within five years, more than 100 tow ropes were operating in North America. ![]() Suddenly relatively nonathletic people could participate, greatly increasing the appeal of the sport. Before tows, only people willing to walk uphill could ski. Their relative simplicity made tows widespread and contributed to an explosion of the sport in the United States and Europe. Wallace "Bunny" Bertram took it over for the second season, improved the operation, renamed it from Ski-Way to Ski Tow, and eventually moved it to what became the eastern fringe of Vermont's major southern ski areas, a regional resort still operating as Saskadena Six. Their tow was driven by the rear wheel of a Ford Model A. The Shawbridge tow was quickly copied at Woodstock, Vermont, in New England, in 1934 by Bob and Betty Royce, proprietors of the White Cupboard Inn. The first skier-specific tow in North America was apparently installed in 1933 by Alec Foster at Shawbridge in the Laurentians outside Montreal, Quebec. Ī steam-powered toboggan tow, 950 feet (290 m) in length, was built in Truckee, California, in 1910. The first surface lift was built in 1908 by German Robert Winterhalder in Schollach/ Eisenbach, Hochschwarzwald, Germany, and started operations February 14, 1908. Surface lifts have some advantages over aerial lifts: they can be exited before the lift reaches the top, they can often continue operating in wind conditions too strong for a chairlift they require less maintenance and are much less expensive to install and operate. Surface lifts have some disadvantages compared to aerial lifts: they require more passenger skill and may be difficult for some beginners (especially snowboarders, whose boards point at an angle different than the direction of travel) and children sometimes they lack a suitable route back to the piste the snow surface must be continuous they can get in the way of skiable terrain they are relatively slow in speed and have lower capacity. They are also often used to access glacier ski slopes because their supports can be anchored in glacier ice due to the lower forces and realigned due to glacier movement. Today, surface lifts are most often found on beginner slopes, small ski areas, and peripheral slopes. While they were once prevalent, they have been overtaken in popularity by higher-capacity and higher-comfort aerial lifts, such as chairlifts and gondola lifts. ![]() T-bar lift, a style of surface lift, in Åre, Sweden.Ī surface lift is a type of cable transport for snow sports in which skiers and snowboarders remain on the ground as they are pulled uphill. ![]()
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